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E-Cadherin and Alpha-Catenin Expression in Normal, Hyperplastic and Neoplastic Endometrium

It is asserted that examination of the endometrium during the secretory phase yields more information about the time of ovulation, degree of progestational change, and normality of the endometrium than any other test used in sterility studies. Attention to qualitative changes in 8 morphological factors is most useful in dating the endometrial biopsy. During the 1st week of luteal activity, attention should be focused on changes occurring in gland epithelium: During the 2nd week , stromal changes including edema , predecidual reaction, stromal mitosis, and leukocytic infiltration are the key criteria.

Tissue from the fundus of the uterus gives the most reliable information. These critera were used in sterility biopsies taken from normally menstruating women over a 3-year period.

Decidualization is the combination of changes on endometrium structure and hormone profiles, along with gene expression, cell differentiation and tissue modification, that allow for implantation of the embryo.

Introduction The human endometrium undergoes cyclic growth, remodeling, and functional changes that are hormonally synchronized with the maturation and release of the ovum. During every menstrual cycle, the endometrium repairs and proliferates after menstruation, differentiates in preparation for pregnancy, and breaks down and is shed during menstruation in the absence of an implanting conceptus. Based on both morphology and gene expression Noyes et al. This progresses into the first trimester of pregnancy, when maximal decidualization is achieved.

In addition, blocking of PC6 production during decidualization of human endometrial stromal cells ESCs in vitro, significantly reduces decidualization Okada et al. Based on these characteristics, we suggested that PC6 could be used as a novel target in female contraception with an additional protective function against HIV Nie et al. PC6 belongs to the PC family of serine proteases. Thus, we aimed to determine whether PCs other than PC6 are expressed in the human endometrium during the menstrual cycle and early pregnancy, and to establish whether they are also key regulators for stromal cell decidualization.

A soluble isoform can also be produced by cleavage of the transmembrane and cytosolic region Paleyanda et al. However, the in vivo cleavage of any substrate depends on the relative activity levels of all PCs that can cleave this substrate within the microenvironment Nakayama Materials and Methods Tissue collection and processing Human endometrial tissues were obtained as previously described during the menstrual M , proliferative P , ES, MS, and LS phases of the menstrual cycle Jones et al.

Early pregnant 6—8 weeks decidua D was collected from women undergoing elective termination of pregnancy. Stage of the cycle was confirmed by histological assessment according to the criteria of Noyes et al.